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Stainless Steel

   
303 Stainless Steel
304 Stainless Steel
309 Stainless Steel
310 Stainless Steel
316 Stainless Steel
347 Stainless Steel
410 Stainless Steel
2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Bar
416 Stainless Steel
420 Stainless Steel
440 Stainless Steel
13-8Mo Stainless Steel
15-5PH Stainless Steel
17-4PH Stainless Steel

316 Stainless Steel

Type 316

  • Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel containing molybdenum to increase general corrosion resistance, resistance to pitting and strength at elevated temperatures.
  • Properties similar to Type 304 except that Type 316 is somewhat stronger at elevated temperature, and has better corrosion resistance

Type 316L

  • Extra low carbon version of Type 316 that eliminates harmful carbide precipitation due to welding

Specifications

The following specifications are generally applicable:

Sheets and Plates
  • MIL-S-5059
  • ASTM A 167
  • ASTM A 240
  • QQ-S-766
Bars and Angles
  • MIL-S-7720
  • AMS 5648
  • QQ-S-763
  • ASTM A 276
  • ASTM A 479
Composition
Property Type 316% Type 316L%
Carbon .08 max .03 max
Manganese 2.00 max 2.00 max
Phosporus .045 max .045 max
Sulfur .030 max .030 max
Silicon 1.00 max 1.00 max
Chromium 16.0-18.0 16.0-18.0
Nickel 10.0-14.0 10.0-14.0
Molybdenum 2.0-3.0 2.0-3.0
Mechanical Properties
Property Type 316 Annealed Type 316 L %
Ultimate tensile strength, psi 85,000 75,000

.2% Yield strength, psi

35,000

30,000

Elongation, % in 2"

50-60

50-55

Reduction of area, %

70

65

Rockwell hardness B80 B75
Endurance Limit, psi 38,000 NA
Izod Impact, ft-lbs 95-120 NA

Typical Applications

  • Widely used in a variety of applications requiring superior corrosion resistance or good elevated temperature strength
  • Applications include valve parts, pumps, tanks, evaporators and agitators, textile processing equipment and a wide variety of parts exposed to marine atmospheres
  • Type 316 L is used extensively for weldments where its immunity to carbide precipitation due to welding assures optimum corrosion resistance

Machinability

Type 316 is somewhat more difficult to machine than Type 304 because of its toughness. As large a tool as possible and great amounts of cutting fluid should be used. Heavy feeds at slow speeds will machine best.

Weldability

Type 316 and 316L have excellent weldability and are readily joined by all methods employed with stainless steel. Weldments of Type 316 may require annealing to restore maximum corrosion reisistance. Type 316L eliminates the necessity for annealing except where required for stress relief.

Formability

Types 316 and Type 316L can be readily drawn and formed.

Corrosion Resistance

Type 316 provides better corrosion resistance than Type 304. It has excellent resistance to pitting type corrosion such as encountered in sea coast environment. It also has good resistance to most chemicalsinvolved in the paper, textile and photographic industries.

Forgeability

Forging is done by heating to 2200-2300°F and forging. No forging should be done below 1700°F. Material should be cooled rapidly after forging and hot forming.

Heat Treatments

ANNEALING: Material is heated to 1950-2050° F, cooled rapidly in air or water quenched