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SPECIFICATION
DATA
SHEET:
420 Stainless
Steel
| BAR
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TUBE
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PIPE
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| PSQ
SHAFT |
WELDING
ROD |
CASTINGS
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| FORGINGS
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PLATE
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FLANGES |
| TG&P
SHAFTS |
SHEET
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FITTINGS |
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Type
420
 | Hardenable,
martensitic stainless steel with corrosion resistance
similar to Type 410
| Higher
carbon content to increase strength and hardness over Type
410
| Maximum
corrosion resistance only in the fully hardened condition or
fully hardened and stress relieved condition
| Never
used in the annealed condition |
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Available
Forms
Types
304 and 304L stainless steel is available in:
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Composition
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Property
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Type
420 %
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Carbon
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.15
max
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Manganese
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1.00
max
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Silicon
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1.00
max
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Phosphorus
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.040
max
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Sulfur
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.030
max
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Chromium
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12.0
- 14.0
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Mechanical
Properties
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Condition
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Property
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Annealed
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Hardened
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Stress
Relieved
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Ultimate
tensile strength, psi
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95,000
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230,000
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0.2%
Yield strength, psi
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50,000
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195,000
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Elongation,
% in 2”
|
25
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8
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Rockwell
hardness
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B92
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C54
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C50
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Reduction
of area, %
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55
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25
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Impact
strength Izod V-Notch, ft-lbs
|
30
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5-15
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Typical
Applications
| Specified
for a wide variety of applications where good corrosion and
hardness in the range of C50 to C54 is required
| Applications
include cutlery, surgical and dental instruments, scissors,
tapes and straight edges, gauges, needle valves, ball check
valves, gear shafts, cams, pivots, ball bearings and hand
tools
| Not
normally used at temperatures exceeding 800° F due to rapid
softening and loss of corrosion resistance |
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Machinability
Type
420 Stainless Steel machines like a high carbon steel. Chips are
tough and stringy. Carbide cutting tools are recommended because
this alloy has an abrasive action on tools. For parts that
require extensive machining, the two free-machining versions,
Type 430 and Type 430F Se offer fabrication economies.
Weldability
Because
of the air hardening characteristics of Type 420, it has only
fair weldability and is seldom welded.
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Formability
If
annealed for maximum softness, Type 420 can be moderately cold
formed, and cold headed. It can be readily forged and
hot-headed. Preheating prior to hot working insures the
best results. Because this steel is air hardening, all hot
worked parts should be furnace cooled to prevent cracking.
Corrosion
Resistance
Type
420 has its full corrosion resistance only in the hardened or
hardened and stress relieved conditions. In these conditions its
corrosion resistance is similar to Type 410. Type 420 resists
corrosion by the atmosphere, fresh water, mine water, steam,
carbonic acid, crude oil, gasoline, perspiration, alcohol,
ammonia, mercury, sterilizing solutions, soaps, and other
similar corrosive media.
Heat
Treatment
ANNEALING:
For maximum softness, heat uniformly to 1600-1650° F and cool
down slowly in the furnace.
HARDENING: Preheat, then heat to 1800-1950° F, soak at
temperature and air cool or quench in warm oil.
STRESS RELIEVING: Heat at 300-800° F for 1 to 3 hours,
cool in air or quench in oil or water.
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