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SPECIFICATION
DATA
SHEET:
2205 Duplex Stainless
Steel
| BAR
|
TUBE
|
PIPE
|
| PSQ
SHAFT |
WELDING
ROD |
CASTINGS
|
| FORGINGS
|
PLATE
|
FLANGES |
| TG&P
SHAFTS |
SHEET
|
FITTINGS |
| 2205 Duplex Stainless
Steel Bar |
| 2205 is a (two
phase) ferritic/austenitic stainless steel with high strength and
excellent corrosion resistance, as supplied in the annealed condition
with a maximum brinell hardness of 290 (Rc31).
Characterised by high yield strength,
double that of the standard austenitic stainless steel grades, good
fatigue strength plus excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking,
crevice, pitting, erosion and general corrosion in severe environments.
Again generally out performing the standard austenitic stainless steel
grades.
2205 cannot be hardened by thermal
treatment, but strength and hardness can be increased substantially by
cold working, with subsequent reduction in ductility.
It is used extensively by the Marine,
Chemical, Petrochemical, Pulp and Paper, Oil and Gas, Transport and
allied processing industries.
Typical uses are: Anchor Guides,
Conveyors, Fasteners, Bushings, High Strength Pump Shafts, Propellor
Shafts, plus various applications currently using standard austenitic
stainless steel grades.
Material Magnetic due to its part
ferritic structure.
|
| Related
Specifications |
Bar
Finish Peeled,
Turned
Centreless Ground. |
German |
W.Nr 1.4462
DIN X2CrNiMoN22 5 3 |
| USA |
ASTM A276-98b UNS
S31803 |
| Chemical
Composition |
Min. % |
Max. % |
| |
Carbon |
0 |
0.03 |
| Silicon |
0 |
1.00 |
| Manganese |
0 |
2.00 |
| Nickel |
4.50 |
6.50 |
| Chromium |
21.00 |
23.00 |
| Molybdenum |
2.50 |
3.50 |
| Nitrgogen |
0.08 |
0.20 |
| Phosphorous |
0 |
0.03 |
| Sulphur |
0 |
0.02 |
| Mechanical Property
Requirements - Annealed (As Supplied) to ASTM A276-98b UNS S31803 for
Hot and Cold Finished |
| |
Tensile
Strength
Mpa
Min |
0.2 %
Yield
Strength
Mpa
Min |
Elongation
in 50mm
%
Min |
Hardness
HB
Max |
|
| 620 |
448 |
25 |
290 |
| Typical Mechanical
Properties at room temperature - Annealed |
| |
Tensile
Strength
Mpa |
Yield
Strength
Mpa |
Elongation
in 50mm
% |
Charpy V
Impact
J |
Hardness |
|
| HB |
Rc |
| 650 - 900 |
570 |
30 |
130 |
235 |
23 |
| Elevated Temperature
Properties* |
| While the oxidation resistance
of 2205 is good at high temperature as with other duplex stainless steel
grades, it is subject to embrittlement when exposed to temperatures
above 300 oC even for short periods. It is subject to
embrittlement at 475 oC when exposed for 2 hours only, also
between 370 oC and 540 oC over a longer period.
Precipitation of sigma phase will also
occur above 650 oC resulting in decreased ductility and
corrosion resistance.
*2205 is therefore not recommended for
use at temperatures above 300 oC.
|
| Typical Mechanical
Properties at Elevated Temperatures for 63.5 mm Dia Section - Annealed
Condition |
| |
Test
Temperature
oC
|
Tensile
Strength
Mpa
|
Yield
Strength
Mpa
|
Charpy
V Notch Impact
After 100 Hours at Temp.
J |
|
| 315 |
650 |
390 |
45 |
| 370 |
640 |
375 |
22 |
| 480 |
|
|
5 |
N.B. Should embrittlement
occur then annealing is required to rectify.
|
| Low Temperature Properties |
| 2205 is not recommended for use at
temperatures below -50 oC, again due to its embrittling
effect resulting in low ductility.
N.B. Unlike high temperature exposure
however, the embrittling effect of low temperature exposure is not
permanent, existing only for the duration at low temperature.
|
| Typical Charpy V-Notch Impact
Properties at Low and Sub Zero Temperatures |
Test
Temperature
oC |
Impact
Test
Charpy V-Notch |
| 25 |
160 |
| 0 |
60 |
| -20 |
30 |
| -45 |
15 |
|
| Bending |
| Cold Bending |
Cold bending will be extremely difficult
due to the high yield strength. Any cold working causing more than 10%
deformation should be followed by annealing.
|
| Hot Bending |
Hot bending should be performed at 950 oC
- 1000 oC followed by annealing.
|
| Corrosion Resistance |
| General Corrosion |
2205 has superior resistance to general
corrosion in most media than 316L or 317L austenitic stainless steel
grades
|
| Stress Corrosion Cracking |
2205 has a much higher resistance to
stress corrosion cracking than 304L or 316L austenitic stainless steel
grades.
|
| Pitting Corrosion |
2205 has a higher resistance to pitting
corrosion than 316L or 317L austenitic stainless steel grades.
|
| Crevice Corrosion / Erosion Corrosion |
2205 has a higher resistance to crevice
corrosion and erosion corrosion than 316L austenitic stainless steel
grade.
|
| Corrosion Fatigue |
| 2205 has better fatigue strength in
corrosive environments than the standard austenitic stainless steel
grades due to its higher strength and higher corrosion resistance.
N.B. For optimum corrosion resistance,
surfaces must be free of scale and foreign particles.
Finished parts should be passivated.
|
| Forging |
| Heat uniformly to 1150 oC. Hold
until temperature is uniform throughout the section.
Do not forge below 900 oC.
Finished forgings should be air cooled.
Finally forgings will require to be
annealed in order to obtain optimum mechanical properties and corrosion
resistance.
|
| Heat Treatment |
| Annealing |
| Heat to 1020 oC - 1100 oC.
Hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section. *Soak as
required.
Quench in water to obtain optimum
corrosion resistance.
*Actual soaking time should be long
enough to ensure that the part is heated thoroughly throughout its
section to the required temperature, 30 minutes per 25mm of section may
be used as a guide.
Please consult your heat treater for best
results.
|
| Machining |
| The machinability of 2205 in the annealed
as supplied condition is lower than either 304 and 316 due to it's
higher yield strength (approximately double).
Typically 80% as machinable as the
standard 304 and 316 grades, but lower against the improved
machinability 304 and 316 grades.
N.B. All machining should be carried out
as per machine manufacturers recommendations for suitable tool type,
feeds and speeds.
|
| Welding |
| 2205 is readily weldable by the various
standard electric arc welding processes.
Oxcyacetylene welding is however not
recommended due to the possibility of carbon pick up in the weld area.
|
| Welding Procedure |
| Welding of 2205 should always be carried
out using duplex stainless electrodes* similar to the parent metal.
No pre-heat or post-heat is required.
Post weld annealing, while not necessary
for many applications, will however provide optimum corrosion resistance
in severe service conditions. |
|
